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Rabies

What is rabies?

  • Rabies is a disease that attacks the central nervous system (brain and nerves).
  • It is caused by a virus that lives in the saliva (spit) of a rabid animal.

How can you catch rabies?

  • Rabies is usually transmitted through an animal bite.
  • It is possible to catch rabies if the animal’s saliva gets into a cut on your skin or in your eyes, nose, or mouth.

What animals almost never have rabies?

  • Rabbits, hamsters, squirrels, opossums, chipmunks, guinea pigs, gerbils, rats, and mice are seldom affected with rabies.
    • These creatures will most likely not survive a bite from a larger rabid animal.
  • You may still need a tetanus shot or other medical care if these animals bite you.
  • (Birds, fish, bugs, amphibians, and reptiles don’t get rabies.) 

How prevalent are rabies in Los Angeles County?

  • According to the County of Los Angeles – Public Health, the last known human infection was in 1975. 
  • Bats are the most common rabid animal in Los Angeles County.
  • Go to the Department of Veterinary Public Health website to learn more about rabies in Los Angeles County:
    www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/vet/rabiesmanual/introduction.htm

What are clues that an animal has rabies?

  • Excess salivation
  • Avoidance of food and water
  • Unusual aggression
  • Various degrees of paralysis
  • Bizarre or abnormal behavior

How do I prevent rabies?

  • Avoid contact with animals you don't know.
  • Do not feed or touch stray animals and avoid all sick and strange acting animals.
  • Make sure your pets receive the proper immunizations.
    • Dogs and cats should get rabies vaccines by four months of age, followed by a booster shot 1 year later, and another a vaccination every 1 or 3 years, depending on the type of vaccine used.
  • Do not feed or handle wild animals.
  • Keep the lid of your garbage cans closed and do not leave pet food outside where it can attract wild animals.
  • Do not pick up or touch dead animals.
  • Get vaccinated if you work in a high-risk occupation or travel to countries with a high rate of rabies.
  • Follow quarantine regulations on importing dogs and other mammals in disease-free countries.

What should I do if my pet or I am bitten by a rabid or suspected rabid animal?

  • Contact medical professionals immediately for assistance.
  • Immediately wash the wound with soap and water for about fifteen minutes.
  • Try to wear latex gloves if you are washing your animal in an attempt to limit your exposure to the biting animal’s saliva.
  • Call or visit your vet (if animal) or doctor (human) – you may have to go to the emergency room depending on the time of bite.
  • Do not try to trap the biting animal.
  • Try to remember the description of the animal.
  • Once medical care has been provided contact the Redondo Beach Police Communications Unit at (310) 379-5411 to report the bite.

What happens to the biting animal?

  • Always report a biting animal to the Redondo Beach Police Communications Unit at (310) 379-5411.
  • Domestic animals
    • If the animal is someone’s pet, the Los Angeles County Public Health Department will determine if the animal must be quarantined for ten days or more.
    • Cats and dogs usually die from rabies in less than ten days, so if the animal survives, it probably didn’t have rabies.
    • If the animal is very sick, badly injured, or showing the symptoms of rabies, Animal Control will arrange to euthanize the animal to test it for rabies.
  • Wild animals
    • If it is a raccoon or other wild animal, it doesn’t help to watch it for ten days.
    • Raccoons can live for years with rabies; a few even get better again.
    • If a wild animal bites a person, that animal must be captured by Rabies Control and euthanized so it can be tested for rabies.
    • If the animal that bit you can’t be captured, a doctor may decide to have you get the rabies vaccine just in case.

I was bitten or exposed to a rabid animal.  What now happens?

  • Call your doctor immediately, if you think an exposure to a rabid animal has occurred.
  • The doctor should discuss both the animal's risk for having rabies and the risk of the exposure for transmission of the virus.
  • The doctor also should know if you have previously received vaccination against rabies
    • Either because you're in a high-risk profession (for example, a veterinarian or zoo worker) or
    • You have been exposed to a potentially rabid animal before.
  • If you have been vaccinated previously, it will change the treatment that will follow after a new potential exposure.
  • Because rabies is such a rare disease, the doctor may be unfamiliar with the need for treatment or may not have the vaccine in the office for prompt administration.
  • The local public health department is a good source of information in these cases, and a hospital's emergency department is a good place to seek medical care.

How big is a bat bite?

  • Bats bites can be dangerous because their bite and scratch may be too small to notice.
  • A bat’s teeth and claws are so small that a bite may not bleed or even hurt.
  • In fact, people sleeping in the same room where a bat is found, or children who have been alone in a room with a bat, should see a doctor.

What about human rabies shots?

  • If the biting animal tests positive for rabies (or if the biting animal can’t be found), you will need to get the rabies vaccine (medicine) as soon as possible.
  • DON’T WORRY; it’s not twenty shots in the stomach anymore.
  • Today, the rabies vaccine has only 5-7 shots in the arm and the buttocks.
  • The shots are spread out on different days, and they help your body fight the rabies virus, so you don’t catch the disease.
  • If you get the shots started in time (usually within 7 - 10 days), you may not catch the virus at all.
  • Your body, assisted by the shots, fights the virus.
  • Without the treatment, a person bitten by a rabid animal may die.

What can YOU do to stop rabies?

  • Be smart and be safe with your animal.
    • Always get a licensed veterinarian to give your cats and dogs their rabies shots.
    • If a cat or dog gets rabies shots on schedule, they are safe even if a rabid animal bites them.
    • Tell your veterinarian if your pet gets bitten - The vet may want to give your pet a booster shot.
    • Always keep your dog on a leash.
  • Be smart and safe with stray cats and dogs.
    • Stay away from ANY ANIMAL that is acting strangely.
    • Don’t pet or feed strange cats or dogs.
    • Call Redondo Beach Police Communications to report stray or unusual animal behavior at (310) 379-5411.
  • Be smart and safe with wild animals.
    • Don’t put food scraps out for wild animals.
    • Wild animals stay near food.
    • They can bite you or your pets if they get scared.
    • Never pet or feed a wild animal, especially a raccoon.
      • Even if the raccoon is not rabid, a biting raccoon has to be euthanized to test it for rabies.
      • So putting food out for them can actually put them in danger.
    • A raccoon, skunk, fox, or bat that seems tame or approaches you is acting STRANGELY.
  • Be smart and safe and neuter your animals to lessen the drive to stray from home.
    • If your pet gets away, it could get bitten by a raccoon, or more likely hit by a car.
    • Many puppies and kittens end up as strays because there is no one to take care of them.
    • If you fix your pets so they can’t have babies, there won’t be so many strays that can catch rabies.

 

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